Inflammation at steel implant sites was relatively consistent over the 8-wk period, but decreased (P = 0.0017) at TBT sites by wk 8. Overall scores of inflammation at steel shot implant sites were greater (P < or = 0.043) than at TBT sites during wk 1 and 8. Microscopic lesions associated with steel shot were characterized by moderate to severe histiocytic and lymphocytic inflammation and considerable particle deposition, whereas histiocytic inflammation was mild and particle deposition minimal in TBT lesions. Reactions differed grossly: after wk 1, embedded steel shot were enveloped in 0.5 to 2 mm grayish capsules, whereas TBT shot were surrounded by thinner (< 0.5 mm), translucent capsules. At necropsy 1, 2, 4, and 8 wk posttreatment, we observed only localized tissue reactions to embedded steel or TBT shot. None of seven hematology parameters measured differed in response to treatment (P > or = 0.17).
Ducks were implanted with three number four steel (n = 19) or TBT (n = 20) shot pellets in their pectoral muscles. Obviously.We assessed the potential for embedded steel and tungsten-bismuth-tin (TBT) shot to adversely affect health of mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). So why would you make a bunch of it? Because it looks cool. But you can marvel at it from the comfort of your couch, so that's something.Īs the folks over at Digg say, "No one really needs a whole bunch of bismuth. The video also shows you how to make bismuth crystal geodes, but this is more of an 'advanced' activity, so you probably don't want to try this one at home. "At first, the crystals appear only silver, but a layer of oxidation quickly adds colour, the shade of which is determined by what temperature the crystals are when they first contact the air," says NightHawk. If you peel back the top layer, you'll have yourself some brand new bismuth crystals. Once the bismuth has cooled down enough, crystals will start forming on the surface, and grow down into the molten metal pool below. Even if you're never going to follow this recipe, you should see this in the video above, it looks incredible to see the pure bismuth floating beneath a thin, silvery skin. Once the ingots have melted completely, you need to turn the heat off and wait a while for the metal to cool. This part is amazing, because during the cooling process, all the oxides and contaminants in the bismuth will rise to the top so you can scrape them off. "I suggest using a pan you're not attached to, because it will likely never be clean again," says the video above. You need to place your bismuth ingots in a small, stainless steel saucepan, and pop it on the stovetop. Then you'll need safety goggles and leather gloves, because while bismuth has a much lower melting point than many other types of metals - 271.5 ☌ (520.7 ☏) - you don't exactly want to expose your naked flesh and eyeballs to that kind of heat. First you're gonna need some solid bismuth ingots, which you buy online really cheaply.
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